Carmen María's English Blog

La voz pasiva se suele utilizar cuando se considera más importante una acción que quien la realiza. Se utiliza además cuando se desconoce, se sobreentiende,  o no interesa mencionar quién o qué hace la acción.



Para pasar de activa a pasiva:



1) El Complememto directo pasa a ser sujeto
2) Se añade el auxiliar “to be” en el tiempo verbal de la voz activa.*
3) Se añade el participio del verbo principal *
4) El sujeto pasa a ser sujeto agente, introducido por la preposición BY

*(Para aquellos que preferís manejaros con una tabla de conversión verbal de activa-pasiva, cosa que no aconsejo, os dejo aquí un link que os llevará a una bastante completa. Tabla conversión verbal activa-pasiva)

Muchas veces no aparece el sujeto agente en la oración por ser evidente en el contexto o no aportar información importante.

                                                      The thieves were arrested (by the police)
                                                 The actor has been interviewed (by the reporter)

No todos los verbos se pueden utilizar en voz pasiva. Ésta es sólo posible con los verbos transitivos, es decir, con aquellos que necesitan ir acompañados de un complemento directo.


                                              


 Si una oración tiene COMPLEMENTO DIRECTO E INDIRECTO, hay dos posibles pasivas, siendo la más usada aquella que tiene el sujeto humano, algo que no es posible en español. En esa pasiva que toma por sujeto el Complemento Directo, nos tendremos que ayudar de la preposición TO para presentar el indirecto. Mirad los ejemplos.
  
Active:        His parents gave him a present.  

   Pasiva 1:    He was given a present by his parents. 
 Pasiva 2:    A present was given TO him by his parents.  


Hello, guys!! This quiz will help you practice the passive voice.

Could you  ANSWER these questions? 

 Good luck!!
1. When was America discovered?

 2. In what year were the Olympic Games held in Barcelona? 

 3. In what century was William Shakespeare born? 

 4. Where was Coca-Cola invented? 

 5. What is considered the highest mountain in the world?

 6. Where are rubles used? 

 7. In what country is Kiev located? 

 8. In what country is Thai spoken by 92% of the population?

 9. How many Harry Potter´s novels were written? 

 10. When is Halloween celebrated? 

 11. When is St Patrick´s Day celebrated? 

 12. When is Thanksgiving Day celebrated? 

 13. When was the Eiffel Tower built? 

 14. Are the Channel Islands included in the “United Kingdom”? 

 15. In what century was Australia settled by the British?

 16. Where are most bananas produced? 

 17. In what museum can La Gioconda painting be seen? 

 18. How many stars and bars are represented in the flag of the USA?

 19. What two ingredients are candy floss made of? 

 20. What is the largest lake in the world called?

(http://www.english-area.com)



WRITE THE VERBS IN THE CORRECT PASSIVE TENSES.
1. My flat  (sell) last week.
2. The room (not paint) yet.
3. I think the results  (publish) early next week.
4. The door (always / lock) in the evening.
5. The votes (count) now.
6. Don Quixote  (write) by Cervantes.
7. When I arrived, the furniture (still / unload) from the removal lorry.
8. In the morning they realized that the painting (steal) during the night.
9. English (speak) in many countries around the world.
10. If you worked harder, your homework (finish) on time.

TURN THE FOLLOWING SENTENCES INTO PASSIVE VOICE.

 1. They had won the race.
The race ...
2. He has seen two bulls this morning.
Two bulls ........................................ this morning.
3. I was buying the newspaper when I saw Mary this morning.
The newspaper .......................................when mary .................................this morning.
4. They are buying a new house this afternoon.
A new house ..................................this afternoon.
5. Paul has sold his two cars.
His two cars ...
6. I always put the glasses on the table.
The glasses ................................................. on the table.
7. I was feeding the animal yesterday at 10 o'clock.
The animal ............................................... yesterday at 10 o'clock.
8. She has given Paul a kiss this morning.
Paul ................................................ a kiss this morning. 
A kiss ................................................. to paul this morning.
9. They hid the treasure a long time ago.
The treasure ......................................... a long time ago.
10. They are studying English right now.
English ................................. right now.
11. They drank two pints at Paul's house.
Two pints .......................................... at paul's house.
12. He was driving his car when I phoned her.
His car .......................................when she ....................................
13. They have stolen all the food.
All the food .................................
14. You can't park cars in here.
Cars .......................................... in here.
15. You can't take photographs in this place.
Photographs ......................................... in this place.
16. The school must change these rules.
The rules ............................................... by school. 
17. You should repair the stairs.
The stairs ............................................
18. I have to mend this watch.
This watch ..........................................
19. Paul has written her a letter this week.
She ....................................................a letter this week. 
A letter ............................................. to Paul this week.
20. The manager is going to offer Sue a job.
Sue ....................................................a job 
A job ........................................ to sue.







Saint Patrick's Day is a yearly holiday celebrated on 17 March. It is a public holiday on the island of Ireland, including Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland. It is also widely celebrated in places where there are large numbers of Irish immigrants, that is, Canada or the United States.

 He is the most commonly recognized of the patron saints of Ireland. The colour associated with Saint Patrick is green. Green ribbons and shamrocks were worn in celebration of St Patrick's Day as early as the 17th century, as he used the shamrock, a three-leaved plant, to explain the Holy Trinity to the pre-Christian Irish.

 Many parades are held to celebrate this day in cities like Dublin, New York, London and many others.


                      


What is a Leprechaun?

 Leprechauns in Ireland are part of Irish mythology and folklore. They are devious and  quick witted characters. Children in Ireland are usually taught the local folklore stories of Leprechauns from a very early age. 




Saint Valentine is coming!! =D. Here are some tips and ideas to help you give a perfect Valentine's Day Card to your beloved:


  • Buy cards in time so that you have may select the card with ease. 
  • If you are good at painting you may also make a handmade Valentine's Day Card. 
  • Write a verse or poem on the blank side. If you have a creative bent, a better idea would be compose your own lines, else quote a line that reflects your true feelings. 
  • Paste a picture of your beloved or a picture of you and your Valentine together to recreate good times spent in the past. 
  • List out reasons why you love your Valentine and write them in detail. Include specific memories and instances when he or she touched your heart. 
  • Spray a little perfume in the card to charm your sweetheart.
  • Accompany the card with a bouquet of fresh flowers and a thoughtful gift. 



 In case you need some help with the texts for your Valentine's cards, here you have some love messages (some of them are quite ridiculous, I know xD)

* I love you from the bottom of my heart. Be mine forever.
* I am so happy we met! Will you be my Valentine? Love
* My darling, you bring joy to my life.
* You mean the world to me! Please be my Valentine! Love always.
* You have opened the doors of my heart. Now it's for you to walk through it.
* You remain my world, happiness and joy. Always be my valentine.
* Thanks for your patience, your loving words, your kindness and your friendship.
* You have always been the pillar of my life. Love you.
* You are the only one person I want to be with for the rest of my life and grow old with.
* Even though we are not together this Valentines Day but I'll be with you wherever you go.
* You are the love of my life and I'll be yours forever. * You are my special friend I love you from the core of my heart, I'll always keep you near. 
* Love you loads and will always do. Be my valentine.



















Do you know who Saint Valentine was? Why do we celebrate on February 14? Read his "autobiography" and find out why every February, across all countries, flowers and gifts are exchanged between loved ones, all in the name of St. Valentine. 

 This note, written on the day he died, February 14th, 269 AD, started the custom of exchanging cards and messages on Valentine´s Day. Now, every year on this day, people remember and think about love and friendship.




"My name is Valentine. I lived in Rome during the third century. That was long, long ago! At that time, Rome was ruled by an emperor named Claudius. I didn't like Emperor Claudius, and I wasn't the only one! A lot of people shared my feelings.
Claudius wanted to have a big army. He expected men to volunteer to join. Many men just did not want to fight in wars. They did not want to leave their wives and families. As you might have guessed, not many men signed up. This made Claudius furious. So what happened? He had a crazy idea. He thought that if men were not married, they would not mind joining the army. So Claudius decided not to allow any more marriages. Young people thought his new law was cruel. I thought it was preposterous! I certainly wasn't going to support that law!



Did I mention that I was a priest? One of my favourite activities was to marry couples. Even after Emperor Claudius passed his law, I kept on performing marriage ceremonies -- secretly, of course. It was really quite exciting. Imagine a small candlelit room with only the bride and groom and myself. We would whisper the words of the ceremony, listening all the while for the steps of soldiers.

One night, we did hear footsteps. It was scary! Thank goodness the couple I was marrying escaped in time. I was caught. (Not quite as light on my feet as I used to be, I guess.) I was thrown in jail and told that my punishment was death."

I tried to stay cheerful. And do you know what? Wonderful things happened. Many young people came to the jail to visit me. They threw flowers and notes up to my window. They wanted me to know that they, too, believed in love.

One of these young people was the daughter of the prison guard. Her father allowed her to visit me in the cell. Sometimes we would sit and talk for hours. She helped me to keep my spirits up. She agreed that I did the right thing by ignoring the Emperor and going ahead with the secret marriages. On the day I was to die, I left my friend a little note thanking her for her friendship and loyalty. I signed it, "Love from your Valentine."

(www.isabelperez.com)




Shortbread is a typical Scottish recipe you can make for St. Valentine' s Day.  Heart-shaped cookies can be a delicious way to say "I love you".


 Ingredients:

 125g / 4oz butter
55g / 2oz caster sugar
180g / 6oz plain flour

Method:

 1. Heat the oven to 190C / 375F 

2. Beat the butter and the sugar together until pale.

3. Stir in the flour to get a smooth paste. Turn on to a work surface and gently roll out until the paste is 1cm / ½in thick.

4. Cut into rounds or fingers and sprinkle with a little extra caster sugar. Put on a baking sheet and chill for 20 minutes. Bake in the oven for 15-20 minutes until pale golden. Cool on a wire rack.

5. Decorate with your imagination and all your love.




Valentine's Day is celebrated on February 14th. Traditionally, it is a day to tell someone that you love them. People often send each other cards on Valentine's Day, sometimes anonymously. Home-made cards, printable cards, heart crafts, certificates and awards, cakes, flowers and other gifts are usually exchanged on this day.
Valentine, a Christian priest, defied Emperor Claudius II by marrying young couples in secret. The Romans, who were at war, had outlawed marriage in hopes that young men would be less attached to families and make better soldiers. Valentine's actions were discovered and he was condemned to death.. He was executed on February 14, 270 AD and is buried at the Church of Praxedes in Rome.


IDEAS...

What about some crafts this year? Bookmarks would be a good alternative I love them and collect them.   You can design Valentine  bookmarks on  card stock, or heavy paper, then cut out and punch a hole at the top to tie on a ribbon or string tassel. You can draw red hearts with initials, write  messages ("I Love You"  "Be my Valentine") or even print them directly from your browser in case you don´t have much time.

 Homemade biscuits, cards, candies or any Valentine craft will be a great idea if it has your personal touch. It is not a question of money, it is a question of love.





 I HOPE YOUR FRIENDS WILL LIKE THEM!!!!!!




















Thanksgiving Day  is a traditional celebration of The United States and Canada which takes place on the fourth Thursday of November and second Monday of October, respectively.

In this festival families and friends usually share a banquet table and thank God for the gifts they have received. The traditional main course is roasted or baked turkey with a filling of corn and sage and served with cranberry sauce. In addition, they usually have pumpkin cake or apple pie for dessert

The Pilgrims arrived in the New World in the winter of 1620 and had many difficulties to find food and shelter. Native people, called Wampanoag, shared their knowledge and helped the English to survive. Pilgrims and Indians sat down for the first time for a meal of thanksgiving in Plymouth, Massachusetts, in 1621.




Thanksgiving Prayer

For each new morning with its light,
For rest and shelter of the night,
For health and food,
For love and friends,
For everything Thy goodness sends.

(Ralph Waldo Emerson, 1803-1882)




 According to a recent research in Britain,  extended exposure to mobile devices in children is changing their abilities and personality. Listen to this interesting video which tells us about the  psychological damage that the overuse of technology can cause in toddlers.


 

VOCABULARY
Swipe: To slide your finger across the iPad screen.
Tap/Hit/Click/Press: Quickly press the app or link mentioned.
App: An application or program on your device.
Scroll: Touch and hold screen and move finger in the desired direction; release when finished.
Pinching: Place two fingers on the screen at the same time and pinch together or spread apart.
Drag: Press and hold then move item to desired position without taking your finger off the screen
Sync: To synchronize your computer and iPad.



Reported Speech - Statements
Reported Speech - Requests and Commands
Reported Speech - Questions
Reported Speech - Mixed types 1
Reported Speech - Mixed Types 2




 Cuando una persona desea comunicar lo que otra ha dicho, dispone de dos posibilidades: repetir las palabras textuales (Estilo Directo / Direct Speech) o adaptar las palabras de esa persona a su propia frase con las consiguientes modificaciones (Estilo Indirecto / Reported Speech)

 En Estilo indirecto:
  • Siempre daremos un paso atrás en el tiempo verbal, salvo que la situación esté vigente aún.
  • Cambiarán referencias personales, tiempo y lugar, según contexto.

Cambios verbales: 

Cambios en tiempo y lugar: 


 Se pueden pasar a estilo indirecto distintos tipos de mensajes:

 1.- Enunciados - STATEMENTS



There are many  proverbs and quotations in English with passive structures which can help you understand life and language at the same time. Have a look and enjoy them.

  • Wisdom is only found in truth. (J. W.  Goethe)
  • An injury is much sooner forgotten than an insult. (Ph. Chesterfield)
  • He who commits injustice is ever made more wretches than he who suffers it. (Plato)
  • If on Parnassus Top you sit You rarely bite, are always bit. (J. Swift)
  • Even when laws have been written down, they ought not always to remain unaltered. (Aristotle)
  • When peace has been broken anywhere, the peace of all countries everywhere is in danger. (F. D. Roosevelt)
  • What is written without effort is in general read without pleasure. (S. Johnson)
  • New opinions are always suspected, and usually opposed, without any other reason but because they are not already common. (J. Locke)
  • The die is cast. (Caesar)
  • Draw the curtain, the farce is played. (F. Rabelais)
  • Libraries are not made, they grow. (A. Birrell)
  • Common sense is the most widely shared commodity in the world, for every man is convinced that he is well supplied with it. (R. Descartes)
  • Persons attempting to find a motive in this narrative will be prosecuted; persons attempting to find a moral in it will be banished; persons attempted to find a plot in itwill be shot. (M. Twain)
  • When Thales was asked what was most difficult, he said, “To know on one’s self.” And what was easy, “To advise another.” (Diogenes)

What if instead of throwing your pencil stubs away you could use them and get a plant? Yesterday I read on Facebook about SPROUT, a pencil that grows!
When this pencil is too short to use,  you can plant it to grow 13 different types of herbs. A good idea to wake up children´s environmental and recycling awareness, at home with your own children or  with your pupils at school. You can find them at some  stationeries, SPROUT web-shop and on Amazon



Exercise 1 

Change the following sentences into the passive voice.

The boy asked a difficult question.
She writes very good novels.

The terrorist shot the policemen
The police caught the thief.
I didn´t paint that picture
Farmers grow soy in Argentina.  
Lennon and McCartney wrote the song Yesterday.

El Greco painted The Burial of the Count of Orgaz. 

Engineers design bridges.

The airline sent our passage to Australia by mistake. 

 You don’t find penguins at the North Pole. 

 Columbus didn’t discover America in 1491. 

They draw some paintings.  

 My uncle  can ride a bicycle quite well. 

The child broke all the plates in the cupboard. 

jShe didn’t find the book. 


Exercise 2

Put these questions into the passive.

a) When did Pasteur discover Penicillin? 
b) How do people make sushi? 
c) Where do people speak Mandarin? 
d) Did Spain win the last basketball Olympics? 
e) Do people speak English in Hawaii? 

f) Who directed the film Princesas? 



Exercise 3. 

Complete using a passive tense.
  1. How many newspapers(print) in Britain every day?score
  2. Who(this play / write) by?score
  3. German(speak) in Germany, Austria, and part of Switzerland.score
  4. The royal wedding(watch) by millions of people in 2011.score
  5. Nowadays, a lot of computers(make) in Korea.score
  6. The Harry Potter films(not direct) by Steven Spielberg.score
  7. How much(paper / recycle) in Poland each year?score
  8. In the UK, alcohol(not sell)to anyone under 18. It's against the law.score



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